Henan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology，
Wuyang County Bureau of Culture，
The Excavation of the Han-Dynasty Burials at No.2 Sewerage Factory
at Wuyang...........................................................................................04

Abstract：The joint team organized by the Henan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology conducted an excavation at No.2 Sewerage Factory at Wuyang. A number of burials from the Eastern Zhou dynasty to the Han period were unearthed. A tomb of the late Western Han period has been unearthed, which is unique in structure and consists of two layers. The top layer is of two coffins, while six storage boxes are on the bottom layer. This burial has contributed greatly to the understanding of the regional mortuary customs from the Eastern Zhou dynasty to the Han period.

Shanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeology et al.
The Excavation of the Hegong Tomb of the Northern-Qi Dynasty in
the Kaihua cemetery， Taiyuan....................................................10

Abstract：The Shanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeology excavated a Northern-Qi burial at the Kaihua cemetery in Taiyuan in 2013. The tomb occupant was Hegong, who was inhumed in 573. Spiritual-guarding figurines, daily pottery, domesticated animal miniatures, and inscribed epigraph have been found. The epigraph recorded the origin and predecessors of the tomb occupant. This burial sheds light on the origin of the family name he in the Northern dynasties.

Sanmenxia Municipal Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology，
The Excavation of the Tang-Dynasty Burial M53 at Shangcunjiayuan，
Sanmenxia，Henan Province......................................................16

Abstract：The Sanmenxia Municipal Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology conducted a salvage excavation at Shangcunjiayuan in 2016, which discovered a series of burials ranging from the Tang dynasty to the Qing dynasty. In tomb M53, painted pottery figurines, ceramic animal miniatures, pottery wares and iron mirrors, up to 92 in total, have been discovered. The figurines were elegant in style and of great research value. The burial should date to the early Tang dynasty.

Second Team of Henan， Institute of Archaeology， Chinese
Academy of Social Sciences，
The Excavation of the Northern Wall of the Inner Enclosure， Yanshi
Shang city，from 2018 to 2020..................................................25

Abstract：From 2018 to 2020，in order to explore the north gate of the inner city of the Yanshi Shang city, the Second Team of Henan of the Institute of Archaeology，Chinese Academy of Social Sciences excavated the middle and west sections of the north wall of the inner city. Excavations showed that the suspected north gate of the Inner city is located in the middle of the north wall; there is no defensive moat outside the north wall of the inner city；the north wall of the inner city was built no later than the phaseⅡof Yanshi Shang city，and began to be abandoned after the phaseⅢ，When the wall still survived to the phaseⅥ，it was abandoned together with the Shang city site. However，the city was gradually ruined until the Han Dynasty; the distribution of Erlitou culture was also found on both sides of the north wall of the inner city，and the remains of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty to the Han Dynasty were found on the south side of the north wall of the inner city. This excavation laid a foundation for the discussion the changes of the composition and settlement patterns in the earlier period of Yanshi Shang city.

Gu Fei，Chen Guoliang，Cao Huiqi，
New Discoveries from the Yanshi Shang City Site from 2018 to 2020
................................................................................................................37

Abstract：Since 2018, new explorations and excavations have begun at the Yanshi Shang city site. In the past three years, the northwestern part of the Inner city, the area to the north of it, and the western wall of the outer city have been successively explored, while the construction foundations in the northwest of the Inner city and the northern wall of the inner city have been excavated. A series of new discoveries have been made. Stone channels and their related water system came to light in the west of the city. A group of rammed-earth foundations have been unearthed in the northwestern inner city. The circular structures should have been the foundation of barns of the Erligang culture, and the northwestern part of the inner city should have been the storage area of Yanshi Shang city. A possible northern gate has been identified in the northern wall of the inner city. And it is certain that there was no moat outside the northern wall of the inner city. The new discoveries have laid the foundation for a more profound understanding of the Yanshi Shang city.

Chen Guoliang，
On the Archaeological Discovery of Barns: A Discussion of the XIII
Foundation in the Yanshi Shang City Site...................................45

Abstract： In 2007, during the protection project of the western wall of the Yanshi Shang city, five rammed-earth foundations in the shape of ya came to light. The complex, named the foundation site XIIII, was located within 30 meters to the east of the western wall, to the south of the No. 2 western gate. Since 2019, our further investigation and excavation has confirmed that the rammed-earth foundations are circular in shape. They should have been round barns recorded in the pre-Qin historical texts, while the area should have been for storage, a significant function zone of the Yanshi Shang city.

Cao Huiqi，
On the Discovery and Research of the City Gate at the Yanshi Shang
City Site..............................................................................................55

Abstract： The author, by analyzing data related to the city walls, clarifies the establishment and abandonment dates of each city gate. From the construction technique, the author concludes that the No.1 western gate went through a process of reestablishment. The abandonment (sealing) date of the No.2 western gate has shed light on the chronological correlations of all the gates, which contributes to the understanding of the transformation in the layout of the Yanshi Shang city.

Ma Xiaolin，
The Settlemeat and Society of the Middle Yangshao Culture. A Case
Study of Xipo site，Ling bao......................................................64

Abstract：The Xipo site at Lingbao is a typical central settlement of the middle Yangshao culture in western Henan. Its formation and demise as acentral site evidenced the diachronic change. Correlated lineages, in facing various conflicts and competitions, agglomerated from smaller sites to larger sites. The function of the central site was manifested mainly by large houses, which made the sacred space for ritualized public activities, and the media for strengthening the common belief. A limited size of people or households gained privilege in the process, while their desire and power increased. Consequently, the settlement pattern changed fundamentally, as demonstrated in the end of the centripetal distribution of large houses. The social structure of the settlement became differentiated.

Liu Wenqiang，
On the Alliance Among Prehistoric Archaeological Cultures in the East
....................................................................................................74

Abstract：Around 6500 to 6000 years ago, people of the Beiyinyangying, Qitoushan and other regions in the lower Yangzi River valley started the process of tribe alliance via jade huang. By around 5300 years ago, people of Lingjiatan and Yingpanshan had developed tiger-head jade huang on the foundation of the previous jade huang. Around 4600 to 4300 years ago, the Liangzhu culture transmitted the alliance concept to the Dawenkou culture through incised jade cong and jade bi. In collaborations with people in the Haidai and adjacent regions, the Liangzhu culture escalated the alliance from the original form between two parties to among multiple parties. This alliance through special token artifacts continued for around two thousand years in the eastern region, which contributed greatly to the development of the prehistoric civilization.