Nanyang Municipal Institute of Cultural Relics Preservation.......................................4 

The excavation of the burial M37 at the Fanji kiln in Xinye, Nanyang 

Abstract：In 1987, the Nanyang Institute of Cultural Heritage Protection excavated 43 ancient tombs at Fanji. Among them, Tomb M37 is a rectangular brick chamber tomb, relatively well-preserved. It yielded five portrait bricks and a large quantity of pottery, with the portrait bricks depicting scenes such as the Hu-Han War, Queen Mother of the West, horse-drawn carriages, and camels, which are particularly significant. This discovery, the first of its kind in the Nanyang region, holds important reference value for studying the social life and historical culture of the time, thus attracting considerable attention from the academic community.

Henan University, Institute of the Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development et al. ..........................................12 

The excavation of the Yaozibang site (Pingshang Cemetery) in Fudu County, Chongqing 

Abstract：From July to August 2017, the archaeological team of Henan University, in cooperation with the Cultural Relics Management Office of Fengdu County, Chongqing, investigated, drilled, and excavated the Pingshang Cemetery at the Yaotangzhen Site in Fengdu County, Chongqing, a resettlement area in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. A total of 8 tombs dating from the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Five Dynasties were cleared, all of which were brick-chambered tombs. A total of 156 cultural relics were unearthed, mainly pottery, along with a small number of stone artifacts, porcelain, copper coins, etc., providing rich material evidence for the study of tomb structures and customs during different periods such as the Eastern Han Dynasty and the Five Dynasties in the Three Gorges region and its surrounding areas.

Jiaozuo Municipal Institute of Cultural Relics and Drilling & Jiaozuo Municipal Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology.....................................25 

The excavation of the Tang-Dynasty burial in Hanzhang Village, Mengzhou, Jiaozuo 

Abstract：In March 2021, during spring plowing, villagers from Hanzhang Village in Mengzhou City discovered a Tang Dynasty tomb to the north of the village. Prompted by this discovery, the Jiaozuo Municipal Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology conducted a salvage excavation. The tomb yielded 25 burial artifacts, including celadon, celadon-white, and white glazed porcelain figurines, as well as grey pottery and bronze items. The unearthed porcelain figurines exhibit lustrous glazes, exquisite craftsmanship, lifelike forms, and smooth lines, representing fine examples of Henan celadon and white porcelain. These artifacts provide valuable material evidence for studying the firing history of white porcelain in Henan, the evolution of pottery figurines, and the chronology of tombs and funeral customs in Tang Dynasty Jiaozuo. Through comparative analysis, it is believed that this batch of porcelain items is likely from the Baihe Kiln in Gongyi, located south of the Yellow River in Henan.

LIU Hongfeng and ZHAO Jiangyun............................................................34 

On the customs of prehistoricage 

Abstract：Prone burial, a unique funerary practice involving burying the deceased face down, is prevalent across various prehistoric cultures worldwide. This burial custom can be classified into three categories: normal burial, accidental burial, and special burial. The normal burial category, observed in the Majiabang culture, Majiayao culture, and Qijia culture, reflects shared cultural traditions and religious beliefs within specific ethnic groups during particular times and places, serving as a cultural identifier. Special burial practices hold original religious significance, illustrating ancestral attitudes towards non-standard deaths within their communities. Furthermore, the choice of Prone burial often serves utilitarian purposes, benefiting the living in practical ways.

GAN Chuangye..............................................................................................45 

A reconstruction of the mortuary practice of the Lingjiatan Cemetery 

Abstract：The Lingjiatan burial site serves as crucial material for studying late Neolithic burial practices in China. The site boasts a plethora of grave goods, with stable categories and combinations, showcasing diverse functionalities. Within the newly delineated burial zones, typical graves exhibit both similarities and distinctions, yet generally adhere to external characteristics such as adorned attire, emphasis on social status, inclusion of various grave goods, and consideration of food and drink offerings. Furthermore, the dual-world concept of above-ground and below-ground realms, along with the internal logic of emotional interaction between the living and the deceased, elucidates the rich content of burial rituals within Lingjiatan society.

YAN Hongxian..........................................................55 

A preliminary study of the niche burial of the Taosi Culture 

Abstract：The niches found in Taosi culture tombs can be classified into three types: those located at the head or feet, those positioned at the left and right sides, and those along the peripheral wall. These niches serve as relatively independent spaces within the funeral context, reflecting the unique burial practices of minority groups within Taosi Society. Prestigious burials often feature multiple, larger niches, signifying the status and authority of the deceased. The incorporation of niches in Taosi culture tombs is influenced by both the prehistoric house niche concept in the Loess Plateau and the tradition of Miaodigou culture observed in large-scale tombs in western Henan and southern Shanxi. Additionally, the tomb niches in Shimao culture exhibit characteristics and funerary object types influenced by Taosi culture, highlighting significant cultural exchange and interaction during the late Longshan period in the loess region.

DU Jinpeng..................................................................66 

On the identity of occupants of Burial M63 and M235 at Qijiazhuang, Yinxu 

Abstract：Graves M63 and M235 of the Shang Dynasty in the Qijiazhuang area of Yinxu, located within a family cemetery for jade artisans, reveal the identities of the tomb occupants through inscriptions on accompanying bronze ritual vessels. The occupant of M63 held the official titles of "Kui Fuo" and "Jia Fuo" during their lifetime, indicating their responsibility for the production and distribution of implements related to ritual vessels, while also holding a martial identity. The occupant of M235 hailed from a family of jade artisans, known as the "Jade People," and was a jade worker by profession. Their ancestors had held positions related to ritual vessels, establishing connections with the bronze-casting family of the Kui clan or expanding business ventures into the domain of bronze production. During the Shang Dynasty, the distinction between "noble" and "commoner" had not yet emerged on a societal scale, and individuals' social status was determined primarily within their own families. The titles of official positions during the Shang Dynasty could be hereditary, but not necessarily indicative of true official succession, often serving as surnames through the practice of "using official titles as family names."

CHEN Aidong.............................................................79 

On the Xuechi site at Fengxiang and its related sacrificial activities of the Qin and Han Dynasties

Abstract：The Xuechi Site at Fengxiang represents a significant discovery of Qin-Han Dynasty sacrificial remnants in recent years. This article, combining documentary evidence with archaeological findings, analyzes the selection of sacrificial locations, the types of sacrificial offerings, and their significance. It further delineates the characteristics of sacrificial rituals from the Spring and Autumn period to the Qin and Han Dynasties. Building upon this analysis, the author also discusses the relevant issue of celestial and terrestrial sacrifices within the sacrificial process.