Anyang Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology et al. .......................4 

Preliminary Excavation Report on Shang Dynasty Burials M91 and M114 at Laoliuzhuang, Anyang 

Abstract：The Laoliuzhuang site is located in the Long’an District of Anyang City, approximately 2.9 kilometers northeast of the Yinxu Palace and Temple District, in the peripheral area of the core protection zone of Yinxu. The site was discovered in 2021 during the construction of the Hong’an Emperor’s Capital E District in Anyang. The site is primarily associated with the Yinxu culture and is mainly distributed across the western, eastern, and central areas of the site, including house foundations, roads, ash pits, and tombs. The tombs in the eastern area of the site are small in scale, often containing bronze items or one or two jade items, with little to no pottery, making them distinctive in comparison to other Shang Dynasty tombs. M91 and M114 are representative tombs of this type.

Anyang Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology et al. ......................11 

Preliminary Excavation Report on Tombs M81 and M120 at the Shaojiapeng Site of Yinxu, Anyang 

Abstract：From 2020 to 2021, the Anyang Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology excavated the late Shang Dynasty site at Shaojiapeng Village, Yindu District, Anyang City. The excavation uncovered 18 Shang Dynasty architectural foundations, 25 tombs, 4 chariot pits, 1 well, and 149 ash pits. Among the Shang Dynasty tombs, M81 yielded 8 bronze items, while M120 yielded 3 bronze items. Based on the tomb structure and the characteristics of the unearthed artifacts, it is believed that the tomb owners of M81 and M120 were likely a middle or lower nobility and a commoner respectively from the local tribal settlements of the site. In recent years, several late Shang Dynasty sites, including the Shaojiapeng site, have been discovered within the construction control area of Yinxu, providing new data for the study of the scope, layout, and tribal settlement structure of the“Great Settlement Shang”region.

Shandong Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology & Tengzhou Han Painted Stone Museum......................19 

Preliminary Report on the Cleaning of the Han Dynasty Pictorial Stone Coffin Tomb M11 at Fengshan, Tengzhou, Shandong 

Abstract：In 2019, the Shandong Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, in collaboration with the Tengzhou Han Painted Stone Museum, excavated a Han painted stone coffin tomb（M11）at the Fengshan site in Guanqiao Town, Tengzhou City, Shandong Province. The tomb yielded seven pieces of Han pictorial stones and ten portraits, dating from the late Western Han Dynasty to the early Eastern Han Dynasty. This discovery enriches the physical data available for Han pictorial stone coffin tombs, offering new materials and insights into the reuse of Han pictorial stones. It also provides valuable reference for understanding the development and evolution of Han pictorial stone coffin tombs and the study of pictorial stones in ancestral halls.

Xi’an Institute of Cultural Relics Protection and Archaeology......................................26 

Preliminary Report on the Excavation of the Northern Zhou Tombs of XU Family at Gaowangdui Village, Xi’an 

Abstract：In 2023, the Xi’an Institute of Cultural Relics Protection and Archaeology excavated four Northern Zhou tombs（M30, M35, M39, and M40）in the east Gaowangdui village, Chang’an District, Xi’an. The tombs are oriented southward and arranged in a“T”shape with a uniform layout. A variety of funerary items, including pottery figurines, animal models, and bright ware, were uncovered in the tombs. Based on the tombs’findings, the owner of Tomb M30 was identified as XU Zhang, the owner of Tomb M35 as XU Xun, and the owner of Tomb M39 as XU Yun—all members of the Xu family from Xinfeng. This cemetery is likely the burial ground of the Xu family. The excavation of these four tombs provides valuable insights into the family tombs of the Northern Zhou Dynasty.

CUI Zongliang....................................45 

Cultural Evolution and the Process of Social Complexity in Northern Henan from 3300 to 1800 BCE 

Abstract：From 3300 BCE to 1800 BCE, the archaeological cultures in the northern Henan region progressed as follows: Qinwangzhai Culture/Dasikong Culture, Dasikong Culture, Mengzhuang Phase Ⅱ Culture/ Dongwannian Culture, and Central Plains Longshan Culture. The social complexity and civilization process in this region began later compared to other areas. The Dasikong Culture marked the emergence of initial social differentiation. The northward migration of the Qinwangzhai Culture significantly accelerated its civilization process. During the Central Plains Longshan Culture period, the population surged, social organizational structures became more stable, and by its late stage, it reached the threshold of early statehood.

WANG Yixiao..............................54 

A Preliminary Study of the Practice of Deliberate Object Destruction in Eastern Zhou Tombs at the Capital of the Zheng and Han States 

Abstract：Located in Xinzheng City, Henan Province, the Capital of the Zheng and Han States was one of the prominent capitals during the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. The site is rich in archaeological data and is particularly notable for the phenomenon of burials involving destroyed objects. Drawing upon a comprehensive collection of existing archaeological evidence, this paper argues that the burial customs observed in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty tombs at the Capital of the Zheng and Han States—characterized by the destruction and crushing of large pottery li and fu vessels—may have reflected the Kuai people who were influenced by Shang funerary culture, or indicate a group of Zheng people deeply influenced by the traditions of the Kuai. The Xiyasi Cemetery in Xinzheng may have served as the clan cemetery for this ethnic group.

LIU Zunzhi...................................61 

Seals Unearthed from Western Han Marquis Tombs and Related Issues 

Abstract：It is known that some Western Han Marquis tombs have yielded seals, while others have not. The tombs with seals involve different marquisates and marquises, with most of the tombs dating to the early to middle Western Han period. These tombs reflect corresponding period characteristics and hierarchical features. The number of seals unearthed from the Western Han Marquis tombs varies, and there are diverse characteristics in terms of their location, material, shape, and type. These findings collectively reflect the distinction between burial items and accompanying goods, as well as the use of ritual seals. These burial practices and their implications provide valuable insights for the study of Western Han Marquis tombs and the use of seals in Han Dynasty funerary customs.

CAO Long & MA Yongying.......................70 

A Discussion of Issues Related to Nanlingyi 

Abstract：The settlement of Nanling was likely established in the second year of Emperor Jing of the Western Han Dynasty（155 BCE）and abolished during the Yuanshi reign of Emperor Ping（1–5 CE）. It is probable that a small-scale population relocation occurred at the time of its founding, with the resident households numbering no fewer than 3,000. The administrative center of Nanling was likely situated in the area of present-day Dakang Village and Yaojiagou, within the Dizhai Subdistrict of Baqiao District, Xi’an. Its jurisdiction appears to have stretched between the Ba and Chan Rivers from east to west, bordered the mausoleum zone of Emperor Wen of Han to the north, and extended southward to approximately the northwestern region of modern Lantian County in Xi’an.

WANG Sichen & FENG Enxue............................76 

A Preliminary Analysis of Imitation Wooden Structure Decorations in 9th–10th Century Tombs in the Zhengluo Region

Abstract：The imitation wood decoration, popular in tombs across the northern Central Plains during the Song and Yuan Dynasties, can be traced back to the Hebei region after the mid-Tang Dynasty. Beginning in the middle and late Tang period, imitation wood decoration became widespread in Hebei, while in the neighboring Zhengluo region, this form of tomb decoration did not gain popularity until the 10th century. Its emergence in Zhengluo was closely linked to the tomb decoration styles of northern Henan and southern Hebei. This phenomenon can be attributed, on one hand, to changes in the political structure during the late Tang and the Five Dynasties, which led to shifts in population and cultural exchange. On the other hand, it reflects the rapid rise in political prominence of the northern Henan and southern Hebei regions during this period. The transformation in tomb traditions within the Zhengluo area is significant for understanding the continuity and development of culture from the Tang to the Song Dynasty.